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Potential challenges in using proforma in business management include the risk of misinterpretation or misuse of the information, as it is often based on assumptions and estimates. It may not reflect the actual financial condition of the company. There's also a risk of manipulation as managers might use proforma to present a more favorable picture of the company's financial performance than what is actually the case.
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In his article for Harvard Business Review, Baruch Lev – the Philip Bardes Professor of Accounting and Finance at the Stern School of Business in NYU, talks about proforma as one of the ways in which managers can impart useful information to investors. (For more like this, check out our book summary). Lev stresses that "research shows that proforma earnings statements prominently displayed in the headline or first paragraph of a company's news release have a much stronger impact on stock prices than proforma earnings reported elsewhere in the document."
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