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Some examples of products that have effectively utilized the concept of affordance in their design include smartphones, doors, and chairs. Smartphones afford communication, information access, and entertainment. Their design, including touchscreen and app icons, signals these capabilities to users. Doors afford passage between spaces. Their design, such as a flat panel for pushing or a handle for pulling, indicates how to operate them. Chairs afford sitting. Their design, typically with a flat surface and backrest, suggests this use.
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The relationship between an object's properties and the capabilities of the agent that interacts with it—ergo, a chair affords support, so in turn, it affords the ability to sit on it. An affordance only exists if the agent can interact appropriately; for example, if a child is not strong enough to lift a stool, the stool does not afford lifting. Affordance is relative. To be effective, affordances and anti-affordances have to be discoverable.
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How do designers improve their products to work around flaws in human logic? In The Design of Everyday Things, Don Norman teaches the top frameworks b...
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