The ice ages had significant impacts on Earth's biodiversity. They led to the extinction of many species that couldn't adapt to the cold and harsh conditions. On the other hand, they also led to the evolution of new species that were better suited to the new environments. The ice ages also caused significant changes in the distribution of species. As the ice sheets expanded, many species were forced to move to new areas. When the ice sheets retreated, these species often stayed in their new locations, leading to changes in the composition of ecosystems. The ice ages also had a major impact on the Earth's climate, causing changes in temperature and precipitation patterns that affected biodiversity.
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