How can the strategy of winning by losing be applied in different business settings?

Game theory contributes to the field of strategic management by providing a mathematical framework for predicting the outcome of competitive situations. It allows managers to anticipate the reactions of competitors to different situations, which can help in devising strategies that can lead to a competitive advantage. For instance, in the example from the TV show Survivor, a contestant strategically 'won by losing', setting off a series of events that eliminated competition and eventually led to their victory. This demonstrates how understanding and anticipating the actions and reactions of others can lead to strategic success.

Game theory is widely used in various real-life scenarios. For instance, in economics, it is used to model competition and cooperation between intelligent rational decision-makers. In politics, game theory is used to model the behavior of voters, politicians, and governments. In computer science, it is used in artificial intelligence and cybernetics. In biology, it is used to understand and predict animal behavior. In social psychology, it is used to model social interactions and behaviors.