Uber's early atomic networks were not defined by entire cities like San Francisco. Instead, they were much more specific and smaller in scale. An example of this would be '5pm at the Caltrain Station at 5th and King Street'.

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The Cold Start Problem

When a networked product launches, it faces a chicken-and-egg problem: people need to use it for it to be worth anything. So how do you start the very...

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To overcome the Cold Start Problem, businesses tend to start with a single network—what Chen calls an 'atomic network'. This is perhaps the most crucial idea in the book. Networked products tend to start small, in a single city, college campus, or in small beta tests at individual companies—like when Facebook launched at Harvard University. "Only once they nail it in a smaller network do they build up over time to eventually conquer the world," Chen writes. Moreover, appropriate atomic networks are often smaller than entrepreneurs think. Uber's early atomic networks were not cities like San Francisco; '5pm at the Caltrain Station at 5th and King Street' is more accurate.

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The Cold Start Problem technique can be applied to a beauty services marketplace by starting with a focused, small network, or what Chen calls an "atomic network". This could be a specific neighborhood, a particular group of beauty professionals, or a niche customer base.

The marketplace could initially offer services to a specific demographic or location, ensuring high-quality service and building a strong reputation. Once this smaller network is established and functioning well, the marketplace can then gradually expand to other demographics or locations.

This approach allows the marketplace to build a solid foundation and overcome the initial hurdle of attracting both service providers and customers when the value of the platform is not yet established.

Remember, the key is to start small, ensure quality, and then expand gradually.

The Cold Start Problem can have significant implications for market competition. It can create barriers to entry for new businesses, as they need to overcome this problem to establish themselves in the market. This often involves starting small, in a single network or location, and gradually expanding once they have established a successful model. This can slow down the rate of expansion and limit the ability of new businesses to compete with established ones. Moreover, the need to overcome the Cold Start Problem can also lead to a focus on niche markets or specific locations, which can limit the scope of competition.

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