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The analysis of the Black Gangster Disciple Nation challenges existing paradigms about drug gangs by revealing that not everyone involved in the drug trade becomes wealthy. The structure of these gangs is similar to that of corporations, with a strict hierarchy and controlled distribution of profits. The top boss makes a significant income, while the foot soldiers, who risk their lives on the streets, earn very little. This contradicts the common perception that all members of drug gangs profit substantially from the trade. This model is referred to as a "winner-take-all" labor market.
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Author Steven Levitt, working with journalist Stephen Dubner, shows how economic theories can be used to analyze social issues. Each of the six essays...
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The author examines the history of the crack epidemic in the United States using the example of one gang, the Black Gangster Disciple Nation, explaining its hierarchy and how profits are distributed. Contrary to popular belief, not everyone gets rich from selling drugs. Rather, the gangs are a lot like corporations such as McDonald's, with a strict hierarchy and close control of the distribution of profits. The top boss, a dealer named J.T., made over $100,000 a year. His 'employees,' the foot soldiers who risked their lives selling on the streets, made very little. However, the foot soldiers were willing to take this risk in the hope that they, too, might one day become rich and powerful. Levitt calls this a "winner-take-all" labor market.
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