1. Collaborate: Effective negotiators are not necessarily competitive or cut-throat, but are those who like to collaborate.
2. Listen: Good negotiators are good listeners. They pay attention to the needs and wants of the other side.
3. Prepare and Research: Spend lots of time in preparation and research. The key to effective negotiation is not how smart or clever you are, but how much you know about what the other side needs and wants.
4. Consider Alternatives: Depending on the situation, consider taking an alternate route other than negotiation to resolve a conflict.
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Negotiations are polarizing; people tend to love them or hate them. A common misconception is that only competitive, cut-throat sharks can be successful negotiators. But you do not need to build up a thick skin in preparation for a negotiation. Social science experiments have shown that the most effective negotiators are people who like to collaborate and are good listeners who spend lots of time in preparation and research. One of the keys to effective negotiation is not how smart or clever you are, but how much you know about what the other side needs and wants. Depending on the situation, you may even consider taking an alternate route other than negotiation to resolve a conflict. Here is a chart that shows when you may need to progress to a negotiation situation rather than just using influence or persuasion to get what you want or need.