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DownloadTired of wasting your time on brainstorming sessions that only improve upon existing offerings marginally? Invention does not always lead to innovation. Based on exhaustive case studies and research on industry trends and innovation, researchers have found ten distinct types of innovation that substantially drive progress. Rather than continuing to spin your wheels, use Ten Types of Innovation: The Discipline of Building Breakthroughs as a framework to turn your company's next big thing into a successful reality.
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Innovation is so much more than just inventing a new product or designing the next version of an existing offering. Innovation can be anything from re-thinking your profit model, to improving your delivery channel, to revamping your customer engagement strategies. There are ten major types of innovation. Within each type, there are also dozens of proven tactics to pull from. The ten types of innovation are:
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Profit model innovations are new tactics and strategies for setting prices. Great profit models reflect a deep understanding of what customers and users actually value and where new revenue and pricing opportunities might lie.
Profit model innovation examples
Gillette
Known for its ever-evolving line of razors and razor blades, Gillette is the quintessential example of a profit model that takes advantage of an installed base, charging high margins on a consumable product.
Back in the 1920s, Gillette enjoyed healthy profits from its patent on disposable razor blades. Gillette sold blades quite inexpensively and used a savvy profit model that trained its customers to throw away dulled blades and purchase more. Customers became hooked on Gillette's cheap disposable blades and their convenience.
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Once Gillette's patent ran out, however, it was time for a change. Gillette took advantage of its customers' user habits and strategically began to charge more and more for the once inexpensive blades. Without thinking twice, customers began to pay a lot for a razor that would soon dull and be tossed aside. Gillette enjoyed substantial profit boosts as a result of its timely shift in profit model.
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Network innovations provide a way for firms to take advantage of other's processes, technologies, offerings, channels, and brands. A network innovation is anything a company does to partner with others to be more competitive in its market.
Network innovation examples
Target
Amid the clutter of the big box stores and the looming threat of Amazon, Target succeeds by leveraging its unique partnerships with high-end designers to elevate its brand from just inexpensive wares. When Target launched its first of many major design partnerships, this innovation distinguished them from competitors.
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To date, Target has worked with over 75 major designers, from clothing to houseware. Standouts include renowned architect Michael Graves's line of kitchen appliances, Liberty of London pop-up shops, and a five-year collaboration with Isaac Mizrahi that created $300 million in annual profits. By looking outside the ordinary and stretching its network in product design and development, Target has achieved a network innovation.
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Structure innovations are focused on organizing company assets – hard, human, or intangible – in unique ways that create value. Structure innovations can provide an excellent competitive advantage because they are inherently hard to copy. Structure innovations often require major organizational change in addition to investment and sponsorship from senior leaders. Although they may be hard to pull off, structure innovations can make workplaces more efficient, employees more satisfied, and the organization much healthier when done right.
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Structure innovation examples
Whole Foods
Decentralization and transparency are at the core of Whole Food's management philosophy. These conscious structural decisions by founder John Mackey led to a culture of healthy competition and growth. Rather than making decisions at the corporate level and issuing edicts to individual stores, each department within a given store has a wide berth for decision making. For example, management gives individual departments the responsibility to determine which products to stock and who to hire.
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This structural innovation has created a culture wherein departments compete for profitability, and employees strive to outperform one another. The success of decentralization was made possible by an equal commitment to transparency. Whole Foods reveals data such as sales, profitability, and performance to employees. Overall, decentralization and transparency improved profitability of both individual departments and stores.
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Process innovations involve activities and operations that produce an enterprise's primary offerings. Process innovations enable a company to produce its product or service in a more time or cost-efficient way than competitors, or in a manner more accessible or pleasing to the customers. Process innovations are usually proprietary technologies or represent the essence of how a company does business, day in and day out.
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Process innovation examples
Zipcar
Long lines, high rates, and high employee oversight indicated a car rental industry that was in dire need of innovation. Zipcar's answered with cars that could be rented for short periods of time and were hassle-free.
Rather than building a complex infrastructure, Zipcar focused on cars and parking spots. This streamlined design lead to an exceedingly smooth rental experience for customers. Customers simply walked up to the car and unlocked it with their pre-approved ""Zipcard". No long longs, unnecessary paperwork, or add-on fees. Since the process was automated, management could easily focus on statistics such as which cars were rented the most, which might be having issues, or ways to fill inventory gaps.
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Product Performance innovations address the value, features, and quality of a company's offering. While perhaps the most visible to customers, product performance innovations typically provide a competitive advantage only for a limited amount of time because they can be easily copied by competitors.
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Product performance innovation examples
OXO Good Grips
OXO Good Grips Founder Sam Farber saw an opportunity to dramatically increase the ease of use of everyday tools and has built a behemoth brand from it as a result. OXO Good Grips was initially focused on enabling those with relatively minor motor disabilities (e.g., trouble gripping or bending over) to maintain their independence while cooking. From observing his arthritic wife, Farber saw someone whose life could be significantly improved by cooking tools that were easier to grasp and maneuver and more ergonomically designed.
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Farber priced his Good Grips tools at roughly three times the cost of the existing kitchen devices. This price point was made possible because his tools did take away the pain and discomfort that many experienced. Today, OXO Good Grips has over 850 products available, and the brand is synonymous to smart and functional design.
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Product System innovations make the customers think that they need extra or additional components to perfectly complement what they are already enjoying. This type of innovations is rooted in how individual products and services connect or bundle together to create a robust and scalable system. It is a way to create valuable connections between otherwise distinct and disparate offerings.
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Product system innovation examples
Scion
Scion ingeniously leveraged the concepts of a product system in each of its car sales. As a brand of Toyota, Scion was an effort to capture sales from younger generations that preferred customization and choice in their purchases. Whereas competitors sold new pre-designed vehicles, Scion took the approach of allowing buyers to customize each detail of their new car. Each add-on was part of the greater product system and offered the potential for higher margins. After selecting their "base" type of car from one of five options, drivers could choose from multiple options for everything from the type of lights, special engines, audio, to apps.
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Service innovations make a product easier to try, use, and enjoy. They reveal features and functionality customers might otherwise overlook, and they fix problems and smooth rough patches in the customer journey. Service innovations can be powerful because when a company provides innovative service, it transforms its products from a mere product to an experience. Innovative service makes customers feel a certain way and associate these positive experiences with a given product.
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Service innovation examples
Zappos
Zappos, acquired in 2009 by Amazon, pioneered innovation in service as an e-commerce company. Zappos had ten core values, the first of which is "Deliver WOW through service." Key to this value is the fact that management empowered customer service representatives to take extraordinary actions on behalf of customers. These representatives have been known to send shoppers flowers, troubleshoot with customers on the phone for hours to find just the right pair of shoes, and actually buy from competitors and put the overnight shipping on Zappos's tab if a certain product was out of stock. These features not only made Zappos an attractive acquisition for Amazon, but they also enabled Zappos to spin off a consultancy, Zappos Insights, that helps other companies transform their approach to service.
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A channel is the way that customers access products or services. Channel innovations are new ways to connect with customers that more effectively drive sales, enhance margins, or increase exposure and positive associations with the brand. Channel innovations ensure that users can buy what they want, when and how they want it, with minimal friction and cost and maximum delight. A channel innovation can also alleviate wasted time or effort via outsourcing sales through methods such as indirect distribution.
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Channel innovation examples
Nespresso
Nespresso's channel innovations ensured that customers never have to search hard to find the capsules for their pint-sized espresso machines. While Nespresso's multitude of channels did add some complexity to the business, it allowed customers a variety of buying preferences that ultimately made it more attractive to customers. It has over 270 unique retails stores and coffee shops of its own worldwide, but also runs kiosks within dozens of department stores frequented by older buyers. To appeal to younger, tech-savvy generations who prefers to buy online, Nespresso has an online Nespresso Club that sends automatic email reminders when it's time to re-order. Lastly, Nespresso finds even more channels via B2B sales to hotels and airlines.
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Brand innovations can transform commodities into prized products, and confer meaning, intent, and value to your offerings and your enterprise. When achieved, brand innovations can be a strategic differentiator.
Brand innovation examples
Trader Joe's
Traditional groceries rely on the power of individual product brands to drive sales within their stores. Trader Joe's, however, has famously taken the opposite approach. With its private label Trader Joe's brand, the store seeks out unique, seasonal, and quality products. Customers are more likely to pop in to see what is new or make an out-of-ordinary purchase to try a seasonal item. By sourcing directly from individual suppliers, it locates lesser-known products and often appeals to customers' fancies for buying local.
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Customer Engagement innovations are all about understanding the deep-seated aspirations of customers and users, and using those insights to develop meaningful connections between them and your company. Customer Engagement innovations are occurring more and more digitally, especially via social media. These innovations enhance the overall customer experience and often make a complex task simple, a mundane experience magical, or an everyday obligation fulfilling.
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Customer engagement innovation examples
Mint.com
Few would claim to enjoy personal financial management and budgeting. Mint.com understood this deeply and transformed the experience of managing one's own money. For many, checking up on one's spending, savings, or investments is no longer a begrudged responsibility but instead a calming exercise. By making it possible to see the full picture of one's financial status in one place, Mint.com substantially simplified the challenge of keeping tabs on personal finances. Examples of how Mint.com engages users in new ways with their finances include automatically update information based on recent transactions, automatically tag and categorize purchases, and suggestions for ways to save or budget.
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