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چکیده

به دنبال یک راه سریع برای افزایش بهره وری هستید؟ ارائه مجموعه کانبان ما اسلایدهای منبع قابل سفارشی را فراهم می کند که می توانید آنها را برای هر نیاز تجاری دانلود و سفارشی کنید. این شامل اسلایدهای قالب های کانبان، برنامه های کاری، محدودیت های کار در حال انجام، زمان های سرب، نمودارهای کانبان و بسیاری دیگر است. بیایید بررسی کنیم که این ابزارها چگونه کار می کنند و هر یک چگونه مدیریت پروژه را بسیار آسان تر و کارآمدتر می کند.

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While the content does not provide specific examples, many companies across various industries have successfully implemented Kanban graphs in their project management. For instance, Toyota is a well-known example, having developed the Kanban system to improve manufacturing efficiency. In the tech industry, companies like Spotify and Zara have used Kanban to manage their software development processes. However, it's important to note that the success of implementing Kanban graphs largely depends on the specific needs and workflows of each business.

Some alternative strategies to Kanban for managing work in progress limits and lead times include Scrum, Lean, and Critical Path Method (CPM). Scrum uses time-boxed iterations called sprints, where work is broken down into smaller tasks. Lean focuses on eliminating waste and improving efficiency. CPM is a step-by-step project management technique for process planning that defines critical and non-critical tasks to prevent timeframe problems and process bottlenecks.

Companies like Apple and Google can utilize Kanban templates to increase their productivity by using them to visualize their workflow, identify bottlenecks, and manage their work-in-progress limits. The Kanban system allows for real-time communication of capacity and full transparency of work. Work items are represented visually on a Kanban board, allowing team members to see the state of every piece of work at any time. This can lead to improved efficiency and productivity.

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کانبان

یک تخته کانبان نمایش بصری فرآیند کار است. کانبان می تواند با کمی تلاش، افزایش قابل توجهی در بهره وری شخصی و در سراسر تیم ها ایجاد کند. این بخاطر این است که مغز انسان می تواند تصاویر را 60,000 برابر سریع تر از متن پردازش کند. در اینجا می توانید ببینید که هر کار رنگی خاص برای نشان دادن مسئولیت دارد. در عرض چند دقیقه، کانبان می تواند یک هرج و مرج آشفته از وظایف را به یک دیدگاه عملی و مشترک از آنچه انجام شده، چه چیزی در حال انجام است و چه چیزی باید بعد انجام شود با کارت های رنگی تبدیل کند.

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One real-world example of a company that successfully used Kanban boards is Toyota. The automobile manufacturing company introduced the Kanban system in the 1940s to improve manufacturing efficiency. This system helped Toyota to visualize work, limit work-in-progress, and maximize efficiency. Tasks were represented visually on a Kanban board, allowing team members to see the state of every piece of work at any time. This turned a chaotic mess of tasks into a shared, actionable view of work progress, significantly improving productivity and efficiency.

Some alternative visual strategies to Kanban boards that can also lead to major increases in personal productivity include Scrum boards, Gantt charts, and mind maps. Scrum boards are similar to Kanban boards but are more focused on sprints, or short periods of intensive work. Gantt charts provide a visual timeline for tasks and are particularly useful for projects with dependencies. Mind maps are great for brainstorming and organizing thoughts or ideas visually. Other tools like Trello, Asana, or Jira also offer visual project management features that can enhance productivity.

Global companies like Google or Tesla can implement Kanban boards to increase productivity across teams by visualizing the work process. Each task can be color-coded to show who is responsible. This can turn a chaotic mess of tasks into a shared, actionable view of what's been done, what's in progress, and what needs to be done next. It's a simple and effective way to manage work and can lead to major increases in productivity with just a small amount of effort. Furthermore, companies can customize their Kanban boards to suit their specific needs and workflows.

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حالا، شرکت های هر اندازه ای در هر صنعتی - مانند اپل، پیکسار و اسپاتیفای - از آن برای مدیریت کارآمد پروژه ها و سازماندهی وظایف به روشی واضح و بصری استفاده می کنند. و من به شما نشان خواهم داد که چگونه این کار را انجام می دهند. برای مثال، اسپاتیفای پس از اینکه با اجرای پروژه ها مشکل داشت، کانبان را پیاده سازی کرد. آنها تصمیم گرفتند که از روشی ساده با فقط سه بخش: کارهای قابل انجام، در حال انجام و انجام شده استفاده کنند. این برای این بود که اعضای تیم با وظایف سرگرم نشوند.

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Yes, a real-world example of a company that successfully implemented Kanban for project management is Spotify. Spotify struggled with executing projects and decided to implement Kanban for a more efficient approach. They used a simple Kanban board with just three sections: To Do, In Progress, and Done. This helped team members to not get overwhelmed with tasks and improved their project management.

Spotify could consider several alternative project management strategies. One such strategy is Scrum, which is an agile framework for managing work with an emphasis on software development. It is designed for teams of three to nine members, who break their work into actions that can be completed within timeboxed iterations. Another strategy is Lean project management, which focuses on delivering value to the customer by eliminating waste. This could involve reducing unnecessary meetings, improving communication, and streamlining processes. Lastly, Spotify could consider the Waterfall model, a sequential design process often used in software development where progress is seen as flowing steadily downwards through the phases of conception, initiation, analysis, design, construction, testing, production/implementation, and maintenance.

The specific impact of Kanban on the productivity of Google and Tesla is not detailed in the content provided. However, it's known that many global companies, including tech giants like Google and Tesla, use Kanban or similar methodologies to streamline their workflows, reduce waste, and increase efficiency. Kanban, with its visual nature and emphasis on limiting work-in-progress, can help teams better manage their tasks and projects, leading to improved productivity and efficiency. However, the exact impact can vary depending on how the methodology is implemented and used within the company.

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طراحی‌های کانبان می‌توانند متفاوت باشند. در این مثال، وظایف بر اساس خطوط، یا بخش‌ها، به جای اعضای تیم فردی سازماندهی شده‌اند. این روش عالی برای تجسم و هماهنگی در یک پروژه است که بین چندین تیم اجرا می‌شود. (اسلاید 6)

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این تخته هر دو سبک را ترکیب می‌کند برای دیدی جزئی‌تر، تقسیم‌بندی شده به درخواست‌های جدید، وظایف در حال اجرا، و وظایف انجام شده. کارت‌ها عضو تیم و بخش مسئول هر وظیفه را نشان می‌دهند. (اسلاید 10)

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Yes, Toyota is a prime example of a company that has successfully used a Kanban board for project management. The Kanban system was actually developed by Toyota in the late 1940s to improve manufacturing efficiency. They used a visual card system to represent work items and their status. This allowed them to limit the amount of work in progress and identify bottlenecks in their process, leading to more efficient production and better project management.

There are several alternative strategies to Kanban for managing tasks and projects. Some of these include Scrum, which is another agile methodology that focuses on iterative progress and team collaboration. It uses sprints, which are set periods of time during which specific work has to be completed and ready for review. Another alternative is the Waterfall methodology, which is a linear approach where each stage of a project is completed before moving on to the next. This is more suitable for projects where requirements are unlikely to change. The Critical Path Method (CPM) is another option, which focuses on the longest stretch of dependent activities and floating tasks. Lastly, there's the Agile methodology, which emphasizes flexibility, customer satisfaction, and team collaboration.

Global companies like Apple or Google can implement Kanban designs to increase productivity across multiple teams by organizing tasks by departments or lanes, instead of individual team members. This helps in visualizing and syncing up on a project that runs across multiple teams. They can also use a more detailed view, segmented into new requests, in-progress tasks, and completed tasks. The cards can show the team member and department responsible for each task. This approach can help in managing work-in-progress limits, lead times, and feature backlogs, thereby increasing productivity.

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لیست ویژگی‌های معلق

کانبان ابزار قدرتمند و انعطاف‌پذیری است که می‌تواند به تیم‌ها کمک کند به طور هوشمندانه‌تری کار کنند - نه سخت‌تر - و فرآیندها را بهینه‌سازی کنند. به همین دلیل، در تیم‌های نرم‌افزاری محبوب است، جایی که جریان مداومی از نیازمندی‌های توسعه، بهبودها، و اصلاحات اشکال وجود دارد که باید مرتب شوند.

از آنجا که این وظایف یا ویژگی‌های جدید می‌توانند انباشته شوند، کانبان از یک لیست ویژگی‌های معلق استفاده می‌کند. مهم است که یک لیست معلق قابل مدیریت باشد و یک خط زمانی برای اتمام را تجسم کند. این تخته وظایف را بر اساس وضعیت و پیشرفت سازماندهی می‌کند. تخته ویژگی‌های جدیدی را نشان می‌دهد که درخواست شده‌اند، آنهایی که تریاژ شده‌اند - یا مرتب و قبلاً اختصاص داده شده‌اند - و آنهایی که در حال پیشرفت یا نزدیک به اتمام هستند. تیم‌ها می‌توانند انتخاب کنند که بخش‌های تقسیم شده را حذف کنند اگر خواستند و فقط ویژگی‌ها را به جای آن فهرست کنند.(اسلاید 17)

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One example of a company successfully using the Features Backlog in Kanban is Spotify. Spotify uses a modified version of Kanban to manage their product development. They have a Features Backlog where new features or improvements are listed. These are then prioritized and moved into the development process when resources become available. This approach allows Spotify to continuously deliver new features and improvements to their users while maintaining a manageable workload for their development teams.

There are several alternative strategies to Kanban for managing project tasks. Some of these include Scrum, which is an agile framework for managing complex projects, and Waterfall, a more traditional project management approach that follows a linear, sequential design process. Other alternatives include Lean, which focuses on eliminating waste and improving efficiency, and Agile, a flexible approach that prioritizes customer satisfaction and team collaboration. Each of these strategies has its own strengths and weaknesses, and the best choice depends on the specific needs and circumstances of the project.

The specific details of how Google uses the Kanban method are not publicly available. However, many tech companies use Kanban for project management. Typically, tasks are visualized on a Kanban board, divided into columns representing different stages of the process. Tasks move from one column to the next as work progresses. This helps teams manage workflow, identify bottlenecks, and improve efficiency. It's likely that Google uses a similar approach.

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محدودیت WIP (کار در حال انجام) و زمان سرب

سیستم Kanban اولین بار توسط تویوتا در دهه 1940 به عنوان روشی برای پیگیری محصولات اختراع شد. هر کارتی که آنها استفاده می کردند، اطلاعات مهمی مانند شماره قطعه، اطلاعات منبع و اطلاعات مقصد را در بر داشت. این سیستم اطمینان حاصل می کرد که تویوتا پولی برای قطعاتی که نیاز نداشت صرف نکند. این به حدی موفق بود که تویوتا از یک شرکت زیان ده به یک رقیب جهانی تبدیل شد. امروزه، تویوتا هنوز از Kanban برای مدیریت فرآیند تولید خودرو خود و کاهش هزینه های بیهوده استفاده می کند. این برای مدیریت زباله خوب است - اما بهترین راه برای اطمینان از وجود تعداد کافی اعضای تیم برای انجام همه کارها چیست؟

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The implementation of the Kanban system has significantly influenced Toyota's position as a global competitor. Initially, Toyota was operating at a loss, but after the introduction of the Kanban system, the company transformed into a global competitor. The system helped Toyota manage its production process more efficiently, reducing wasteful spending and ensuring that money was not spent on unneeded parts. This led to increased productivity and profitability. As for the future impact, it's likely that Toyota will continue to use the Kanban system to manage its operations. The system's ability to efficiently manage resources and reduce waste will continue to be beneficial for Toyota's operations.

There are several alternative strategies to Kanban that companies use for project management and reducing wasteful spending. Some of these include Scrum, Lean, Six Sigma, and Agile methodologies. Scrum focuses on small, cross-functional teams working in short iterations or 'sprints'. Lean is a methodology that focuses on reducing waste and improving efficiency. Six Sigma is a data-driven approach aimed at reducing defects and improving quality. Agile is a flexible approach that prioritizes customer satisfaction and team collaboration. Each of these methodologies has its own strengths and can be chosen based on the specific needs of the project or organization.

The Kanban system, first developed by Toyota in the 1940s, has evolved significantly over the years. Initially, it was used to manage inventory and reduce waste in the manufacturing process. Today, it has been adapted by many industries, including software development and project management, to improve efficiency and productivity. Companies like Apple and Google use Kanban in their software development processes to manage work-in-progress and ensure smooth workflow. It helps in visualizing the work, limiting work-in-progress, and maximizing efficiency or flow. Kanban boards, either physical or digital, are used to visualize the workflow and manage the process.

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اگر لیست انتظار بیش از حد طولانی شود و تعداد زیادی از وظایف در حال انجام باشد، این موجب ایجاد گلوگاه خواهد شد و اعضای تیم احساس خستگی خواهند کرد. این پایدار نیست. راه برای دور زدن این موضوع از طریق یک محاسبه ساده به نام محدودیت کار در حال انجام است. ابتدا، با تقسیم زمان صرف شده بر وظایف افزودن ارزش بر زمان کل صرف شده بر وظایف، کارایی فرآیند را محاسبه کنید. سپس، تعداد کل اعضای تیم را بر این کارایی تقسیم کنید و شما حداکثر تعداد وظایفی را که باید در حال انجام باشند، خواهید گرفت. بیش از این مقدار، و کار یک کشش خواهد بود.(اسلاید 13)

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Toyota is a prime example of a company that successfully implemented the Work in Progress (WIP) Limit in their project management strategy. They introduced the Kanban system to manage work at different stages of production. By limiting the amount of work in progress, they were able to reduce waste, prevent overproduction, and identify inefficiencies in their processes. This approach allowed them to improve productivity and efficiency.

Some alternative strategies to the Work in Progress Limit for managing tasks in project management include the use of Scrum methodologies, Agile project management, Lean project management, and Critical Path Method (CPM). These strategies focus on different aspects such as iterative progress, flexibility, efficiency, and task prioritization respectively. Another strategy could be the use of project management tools and software that can help in task allocation, tracking progress, and maintaining communication among team members.

Google, like many other companies, may use the Work in Progress (WIP) Limit in their Kanban system to prevent bottlenecks and team burnout. The WIP Limit is calculated by dividing the time spent on value-adding tasks by the overall time spent on tasks. Then, the total number of team members is divided by that efficiency, resulting in the maximum number of tasks that should be in progress. By adhering to this limit, the workflow can be more manageable, preventing bottlenecks and reducing the risk of team burnout.

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یک استفاده عالی برای این، صف پاسخ به خدمات مشتری است، جایی که تقریباً غیرممکن است برنامه ریزی کنید که چه نوع تماس هایی وارد خواهد شد و ماهیت این تماس ها چگونه خواهد بود. با این حال، می توانید برخی فرضیات کلی ارائه دهید تا ظرفیت را برای برآورده کردن این تقاضا برنامه ریزی کنید. در مثال زیر، می توانیم ببینیم که محدودیت کار در حال پیشرفت چقدر تاثیرگذار است. زمان سرب مقدار زمانی است که از دریافت یک وظیفه تا تحویل آن وظیفه طول می کشد. هنگامی که از محدودیت کار در حال پیشرفت استفاده شد، زمان های سرب به طور قابل توجهی کوتاه شد و وظایف به طور بسیار کارآمد تکمیل شدند. (اسلاید 15)

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The implementation of work-in-progress (WIP) limits in the Kanban system enhances business strategy by improving efficiency and productivity. WIP limits help to prevent overloading of the team and maintain a steady workflow. By limiting the number of tasks in progress, teams can focus on completing tasks before starting new ones, reducing the lead time. This leads to faster delivery of tasks, improved customer satisfaction, and better resource management. It also helps in identifying bottlenecks in the process, enabling teams to address issues promptly and improve the overall process.

The main components of the Kanban system are the Kanban board, cards, and work-in-progress limits. The board is used to visualize the workflow, with each card representing a task. The work-in-progress limits are set to prevent overloading of any stage of the process. These components contribute to increased efficiency by providing a clear visualization of work, enabling teams to identify bottlenecks and balance the workload effectively. This leads to faster lead times and more efficient task completion.

The Kanban system can be effectively used in the customer service industry in several ways. It can be used to manage a customer service response queue, where it's difficult to predict the nature and volume of incoming calls. By setting work-in-progress limits, the system can help manage capacity and ensure efficient handling of tasks. The Kanban system can also help reduce lead times, which is the time it takes from receiving a task to delivering it. This can result in tasks being completed more efficiently, leading to increased productivity and improved customer service.

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نمودارها

برای دیدن بیشتر، از این نمودارها برای نشان دادن مقدار زمان صرف شده در هر مرحله توسعه استفاده کنید. عدد بالای هر ستون تعداد وظایف مربوطه را نشان می دهد. این نمودار جریان تجمعی هر مرحله توسعه را در مقابل یکدیگر نشان می دهد. (اسلاید 22 و 24)

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نتیجه گیری

تخته های کانبان فقط با تغییر به کار از راه دور محبوب تر خواهند شد. ما اکنون می توانیم آن را با افزایش پلتفرم های کانبان مانند Jira و Trello ببینیم. آنها راه سریعی برای همگام سازی بین تیم ها فراهم می کنند، بدون توجه به اینکه آنها کجا هستند.اما تخته های کانبان فقط زمانی موثر هستند که محدودیت های یک تیم را در نظر بگیرند، که این دلیلی است که چرا بسیار مهم است تا یک محدودیت در حال انجام کار تعیین کنید و وظایف مهمتر را با کمک ابزارهای موجود در این مجموعه مرتب کنید. به یاد داشته باشید: شما می توانید این ارائه مجموعه کانبان را برای تمام نیازهای مدیریت پروژه خود دانلود و سفارشی کنید تا زمان و ساعات کاری را صرفه جویی کنید. 

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